今日は高校英語の「仮定法」から10問カピ🦫 「現実と違う話は時制を一つ戻す」が基本ルールです。解説といっしょに確認しましょう。
第1問 If I ___ a bird, I could fly to you.
A. am B. was C. were D. will be
答え:C(were)/仮定法過去では、主語に関係なく be動詞は were を使うのが基本です。
第2問 If it ___ tomorrow, we will stay home.
A. rains B. rained C. will rain D. would rain
答え:A(rains)/これから十分起こりうる話(直説法)。if節は現在形で表します。
第3問 If I had left earlier, I ___ the train.
A. will catch B. would catch C. had caught D. would have caught
答え:D(would have caught)/過去の事実に反する仮定(仮定法過去完了)。帰結は〈would have+過去分詞〉です。
第4問 I wish I ___ play the guitar well.
A. can B. could C. will D. would have
答え:B(could)/I wish+仮定法で「〜できたらなあ」。現在の願望は could を使います。
第5問 If she ___ harder, she would have passed the exam.
A. studied B. studies C. had studied D. study
答え:C(had studied)/帰結が would have passed なので仮定法過去完了。if節は〈had+過去分詞〉です。
第6問 ___ I were you, I would take the job.
A. If B. Unless C. As D. Though
答え:A(If)/「もし私があなたなら」If I were you は、アドバイスでよく使われる定番の仮定法です。
第7問 He talks as if he ___ the answer.
A. knows B. knew C. has known D. know
答え:B(knew)/as if+仮定法過去で「まるで知っているかのように」。現在の事実に反するので knew。
第8問 If I ___ more money, I would buy a car.
A. have B. will have C. had had D. had
答え:D(had)/現在の事実に反する仮定法過去。if節は過去形 had になります。
第9問 Without water, we ___ not survive.
A. will B. would C. can D. must
答え:B(would)/Without は「〜がなければ」の仮定を表し、帰結は〈would+動詞の原形〉になります。
第10問 It’s time we ___ to bed.
A. go B. will go C. went D. have gone
答え:C(went)/It’s time+仮定法過去で「もう寝る時間だ」。現在のことでも動詞は過去形 went になります。
何問正解できたかな? 仮定法は「現実と違う→時制を一つ戻す」という目印で見ると、パターンがすっきりします。カピバラ先生の高校英語アプリなら、例文で繰り返し確認できます。今日の続きもやってみましょう。








